Gas generator



s, MGORE. GAS GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-7, 192i Patented Ma 2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

8. MOORE.

Patented May 30, 1922.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

SAMUEL MOORE, 0F SCUNTHOBPE, ENGLAND.

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Specification of'Letters Patent. 'Patcgmted lllay 303, 1922,

Application filed December 7, 1921. Serial No. 520,670.

This invention relates to gas generators of the kind inwhich water gasand coal gas are produced in one and the same apparatus,

which apparatus comprises a generator or producer having a verticalretort, made of a smaller cross-sectional area, in its upper partsurrounded by a chequered chamber, primary and secondary air blastsbeing employed, the latter being utilized to burn the ases from the blowin the chequered chain-- er surrounding the retort, the whole beingenclosed in a surrounding shell, and fuel being supplied from the topthrough a coal valve.

Said invention consists essentially in the provision, in combination, ingas generators of the above-expressed kind, of a fuel feedingvalve-controlled hopper and a coke or ash discharging mechanism at thetop and bottom respectively of the apparatus, heating chambers for thepassage therethrough of the secondary air blasts, and a' series ofchequered regenerators wherein combustion takes place, as hereinafterdescribed and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In carrying out the invention, there is no internal water contact withthe gas, so there is consequently no loss of ammonia, while the very hotlean gasrises into immediate and intimate contact with the comparativelycool rich gas in the retort and absorbs valuable gaseous enrichmentswhich would otherwise be deposited as liquids. Again, the gas is given along travel through the retort and is subsequently very graduallycooled,'thus ensuring high thermal results with the consequent advantagethat a very large volume of gas is obtainable per ton of coal carbonizedand an economy in coal is thereby effected.

And in order that the said invention may be fully understood, it willnow be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and figuresand letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a combined vertical coal gas retortand water gas generator constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view on line 2, 2, Figure l; and

Figure 3 is asectional elevation. ofthe apparatus at right angles toFigure l.-

In a practical embodimentof this invention, the water-gas section B isarranged underneath the retort A, and both are en-- closed ina singlemetal shell a. A; feeding hopper C at the top of the device ensures acontinuous supply of fuel. Atthe bottom of the generator B a dischargingmechanism D is arranged which extracts the coke or ash, and can beworked for any desired quality of coke; or, if complete gasificationofthe fuel is desired, the ash can be discharged at will and all clinkerentirely prevented.

The plant can be run day and night for weeks without stopping. It can bestarted up from cold in a few hours, or itcan be shut down at night, orduring week-ends, or started to full work again within half an hour.

No outside producer is required, as a primary and a secondary air blastE and F respectively are employed to maintain the carbomzingtemperature. The secondary air is assed through a heating chamber Pwhere it meets the blow gases, combustion takes lace in a series ofchequered regenerators H H and the blowing period is reduced to aminimum. Liquid hydrocarbons can be injected at K, Figure 1, if extraenrichment is required.

An overhead bunker L is provided which, being supplied with suitablecoal, allows the fuel to drop by. gravity to the rim of the feedinghopper C above mentioned. A. 00211 valve C fitted .to the top of saidhopper C is opened or shut by means of a light chain (not shown) whichreaches down to the operating stage. ed at stated intervals (accordingto the through-put required), and the hopper recharged with coal. Thedischarging gear D is operated by a lever D on the operating stage.Longer or shorter intervals occur between each discharge according tothe deree of carbonization preferred. The blow lasts about one minuteand the run about 6 minutes'and the cycle may be continued duringcharging or discharging operations without need for shutting down.

Steam is admitted at four points marked respectively E E, E E ,--seeparticularly Figure 3. The steam entering at the top of This valve C isopena ducts E.

superheating chamber J and thence to the top of the retort A. Travellingdown the retort it sweeps the coal gas down into the water gas zone,where the mixed gases are blended and fixed before exit.. The steamadmitttd at E at the base of the snift pipe travels through theregenerators H H H and enters the bottom of the retort throughthe-combustion gas nostrils P. This steam ejects any explosive gasesremainlng in the regenerator flues after'each run.

v The steam admissions E and E serve to the down runs, while those at Eand E* are for the up runs. At E steam is admitted occasionally mainlyfor the purpose of quenching the coke before reaching the receiver D.Through steam admission E* steam passes into the primary air inlet pipeE, whence it passes through the blast circulator Q and into thegenerator by the blast Coming in contact with the incandescent coke inthe generator, it combines to pro- .duce water gas.

When up steaming is on the primary air valve is 011*. Q

When the water gas is produced as aforesaid, it travels upward intoimmediate contact with the coal gas produced in the retort, and thenceto the top gas outlet B through the steam superheating chamber J. On thedown run, the steam entering at the top as aforesaid, travels throughthe coal gas and water gas zones and enters the blast ducts E, andthence by way of the blast circulator Q passes through the bottom gasoutlet S. The travel of the gas is through the same ducts as the upwardsteam and primary air but in the opposite direction and at difgeneratorH and produce combustion.

ferent intervals. The outcoming gas heats the blast circulatingchamber'and the incom ing air and, in sequence, steam.

The primary air' (blast) enters the lower portion of the generator atthe blast ducts E and passes out at the nostrils P at the base theincoming of the retort-see Figure 3. The secondary air enters at F andis conducted to the secondary air-circulating chamber G and thencethrough ports to the bottom of the regenerator H The primary andsecondary air blasts meet at the bottom of the The resulting flame iskept in contact with the outside of the gas retort and producessufficient heat to carbonize the coal in the retort. The products ofcombustion arecarried up the regenerator H down H up H and out by thesnift valve I.

Heat is so well retained by the regenerators aforesaid that only aboutone minute is required for the blow.

For town use, thegas has two exits, one

and the other at the bottom thereof (down run, the operation isreversed. In eithercase, the outgoing gas passes to the outlet of thewashbox and on to the gas holder. I claim 1. In gas generating apparatusof the class described, a. retort, a series of regenerating chamberssurrounding said retort and annularly arranged with respect to eachother, a decomposing chamber beneath said retort, and means forintroducing air and steam into said last mentioned chamber.

2. In gas generating apparatus of the class described, a retort, aseries of annularly arranged regenerating chambers surrounding saidretort and communicating with each other at alternate ends to therebyprovide a tortuous passage therethrough for the products of combustion,a decomposing chamber beneath said retort, and air and steam lnletsabove and below said decomposing chamber.

3. In gas generating apparatus of the class descrlbed, a retort, aregenerating chamber surrounding said retort and comprisingconee'ntrically arranged chambers communicating at opposite ends,forming a tortuous passage for the products of combustion, a decomposlngchamber beneath, said retort, an air inlet at the top of saidregenerating chamber communicating through the regen crating chamberwith the decomposing chamber at the base of the retort, and a steamlnlet at the top of said regenerating chamber communicating with saidretort.

4. In gas generating apparatus of the class described, a retort, aregenerating chamber top of said regenerating chambers, a de-.

composing chamber beneath said retort, and air and steam inlets aboveand below the decomposing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature this 15th dayof November 1921.

SAML. Moons.

